Siete preguntas reales del banco de práctica de nuestro curso, de nivel básico y medio, corregidas al instante y con la explicación de cada opción, para que sientas el tipo de razonamiento que pide el examen. Y si quieres el panorama completo, solicita el simulacro diagnóstico gratuito de 45 minutos con análisis por sección.
Las siete preguntas siguientes están tomadas, sin cambios, del banco de práctica de Seeking English: 1,000 preguntas del GMAT Focus Edition con explicación, el porqué de cada opción incorrecta y la trampa típica de cada pregunta. La plataforma completa está incluida en el precio del curso GMAT. Elegimos tres de Problem Solving, dos de Critical Reasoning, una de Data Sufficiency y una de Two-Part Analysis, todas de nivel básico o medio.
Quantitative Reasoning
1. What is the smallest integer x that satisfies 4x + 5>33?
Explanation. Subtract 5 from both sides: 4x>28, so x>7. The smallest integer greater than 7 is 8.
Trap: an off-by-one slip at the boundary, or dropping/mishandling the coefficient.
2. The average (arithmetic mean) of a set of 10 numbers is 27. If one of the numbers, 45, is removed from the set, what is the average of the remaining 9 numbers?
Explanation. The original sum is 27×10 = 270. Removing 45 leaves a sum of 270 − 45 = 225, and dividing by the new count of 9 gives an average of 225÷9 = 25.
Trap: forgetting to subtract the removed value before dividing, dividing by the wrong count, or assuming the average is unaffected by removal.
3. A tank contains 50 liters of a coolant mixture that is 30 percent antifreeze by volume. How many liters of pure antifreeze must be added so that the resulting mixture is 50 percent antifreeze by volume?
Explanation. The tank starts with 50×0.30 = 15 liters of antifreeze, and adding pure antifreeze increases both the antifreeze and the total volume. If x liters are added, then 15 + x = 0.50(50 + x), so 15 + x = 25 + 0.50x, which gives 0.50x = 10 and x = 20 liters.
Trap: misplacing the target percent in the balance equation, or reporting the new total volume instead of the amount added.
Verbal Reasoning
4. At Cindergate Marsh, reported sightings of herons, a natural predator of the marsh chorus frog, increased substantially. Despite this, the marsh chorus frog population at the marsh held steady over the same period.Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy?
Explanation. The tension is that more predators coincided with a stable prey population, which invites the expectation of a decline. New reed cover that lets frogs hide from herons supplies a mechanism that could offset the predator increase, keeping the population steady even as sightings rose. None of the other choices explain why the frogs were protected from the increased predation pressure.
Trap: offering an unrelated fact about herons instead of a fact that shields the frogs.
5. Cobalt Brewery reformulated its best-selling ale using a cheaper hop variety, and the brewery's head brewer predicts that sales volume will not decline as a result.Which of the following questions, if answered, would most help to evaluate the prediction above?
Explanation. The prediction depends on customers not noticing, or not minding, the change. If blind tasters rate the reformulated ale as similar to the original, customers are unlikely to react to the change; if tasters rate it as clearly different, sales could well decline. The other choices do not test whether the change is detectable or acceptable to drinkers.
Trap: a cost or comparison question mistaken for a test of whether the change is detectable.
Data Insights
6. A truck drove from Town P to Town Q and then back to Town P along the same route, at a possibly different speed for each leg. What was the truck's average speed for the entire round trip?(1) The distance from Town P to Town Q is 120 miles.
(2) The truck drove from P to Q at 40 miles per hour and from Q to P at 60 miles per hour.
Explanation. Because the trip out and the trip back cover the same distance, the average speed for the round trip depends only on the two speeds, not on the distance itself. Statement (1) alone: knowing only the distance, with neither speed given, leaves the average speed completely unknown. Not sufficient. Statement (2) alone, with statement (1) covered: for equal distances traveled at 40 and 60 miles per hour, the average speed is the total distance divided by the total time, which works out to 2×40×6040 + 60 = 4800100 = 48 miles per hour — a fixed value no matter what the actual distance is. Sufficient. Since statement (2) alone gives a single value and statement (1) alone does not, the answer is B.
Trap: assuming average speed over equal-distance legs still requires knowing the distance.
A delivery van is making a 270-mile trip. The van gets 18 miles per gallon, and fuel costs 3.60 dollars per gallon.
Select the number of gallons of fuel the trip requires, and select the total fuel cost for the trip, in dollars. Make only one selection in each column.
| Gallons of fuel the trip requires | Total fuel cost for the trip, in dollars | |
|---|---|---|
| 15 | ||
| 75 | ||
| 270 | ||
| 54 | ||
| 4860 | ||
| 18 |
Explanation. The trip covers 270 miles at 18 miles per gallon, which takes 270 divided by 18, or 15 gallons of fuel. At 3.60 dollars per gallon, that fuel costs 15 times 3.60, or 54 dollars.
Trap: dividing by the wrong rate, or multiplying distance by fuel economy instead of dividing.
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